RESUMO
PURPOSE: Natural Killer (NK) cells are a vital part of immune surveillance and have been implicated in colorectal cancer development and prognosis. This systematic review aims to distil the literature on NK cells as it relates to colorectal cancer. METHODS: All published studies over 10 years relating to NK cells and colorectal cancer were reviewed. All studies publishing in English, searchable via pubmed or through reference review and reporting directly on the nature or function of NK cells in colorectal cancer patients were included. Outcomes were determined as alterations or new information regarding NK cells in colorectal cancer patients. RESULTS: Natural killer cells may be implicated in the development of colorectal cancer and may play a role in prognostication of the disease. NK cells are altered by the treatment (both surgical and medical) of colorectal cancer and it seems likely that they will also be a target for manipulation to improve colorectal cancer survival. CONCLUSIONS: NK cell morphology and function are significantly affected by the development of colorectal cancer. Observation of NK cell changes may lead to earlier detection and better prognostication in colorectal cancer. Further study is needed into immunological manipulation of NK cells which may lead to improved colorectal cancer survival.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Colorretais/etiologia , Neoplasias Colorretais/metabolismo , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/metabolismo , Animais , Neoplasias Colorretais/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Colorretais/terapia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Vigilância Imunológica , Células Matadoras Naturais/patologia , Células Neoplásicas Circulantes , Prognóstico , Medição de Risco , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Ileorectal and ileosigmoid anastomoses are typically performed following total colectomy and subtotal colectomy, respectively. The current literature provides extensive description of more common anastomoses such as after right hemicolectomy or anterior resection. However, there is little focus in the literature on the ileorectal or ileosigmoid anastomotic technique, despite these anastomoses having a relatively high complication rate. The purpose of the current study is to describe four standardized ileorectal or ileosigmoid anastomotic configurations, with commentary on specific challenges and theoretical advantages and disadvantages of each.
